The Complete Guide To Choosing Your Wheelchair Ramp
Shopping for a Wheelchair Ramp, and ensuring that you're buying one that matches your requirement, can be an overwhelming decision, but it doesn't have to be! That's why we put together this guide that will help you determine the best ramp for your requirement, and to minimize the stress that comes along with making the decision.
The first step of the wheelchair selection process is to be aware of The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) accessibility standards. Among other aspects to your ramp, the ADA will provide recommendations for ramp slope, width and height as it pertains to the safety of its use.
Please click here if you are interested in the Complete text on ADA Standards.
ADA Wheelchair Ramp Slope & Width Requirements
The ADA recommends a 1:12 slope for commercial ramps (ramps in public settings). So, this means that for every inch of vertical rise, you should have 12 inches (1 foot) of ramp length. According to the ADA, if your ramp is steeper than this, it is considered dangerous.
Please see below for determining the correct ramp length for Commercial Ramps:
While the ADAs recommendations of 1:12 slope pertains to commercial ramps (ramps used in public spaces), many home access professionals adhere to these metrics for their residential ramps too. It's important to note that a slope ratio of 2:12 is also going to be acceptable for residential ramps if your space is limited. The 2:12 ratio of height to length means that for every 2 inches of height, 12 inches of length is recommended:
How to Determine the Proper Ramp Length:
- Measure the distance from the top step/landing to the ground (this is your "Rise").
- Select the incline you desire (1:12 or 2:12 slope). Reliable Ramps will begin with recommending the ADA standard ratio of 1:12 (every 1" of rise requires 12" of ramping), however, refer to your equipment's owner guide for acceptable ramp usage, including proper slope/incline, chair direction, etc.; never exceed its recommendations.
The Width of the ramp must be at least 36 Inches to all for adequate room per ADA standards. The width of your wheelchair ramp depends on the size of your wheelchair and the additional room you'll need to maneuver on the ramp -- along with your own personal comfort. Generally, a minimum width of 36 inches will suffice, but you may decide that a wheelchair ramp width of 42 inches is more comfortable for you.
Determining The Location for Your Wheelchair Ramp
Most of the ramps you'll be looking at are capable of handling both indoor or outdoor weather, so the location is more about the environment and surroundings. If you need a small residential ramp to help overcome doorways and small steps in your home or outdoor area, a Threshold Ramp might be what you need.
For tall rises and commercial settings, larger ramps will be a better fit. In either case, you will have to take note of any environmental features that will interfere with the placement of the ramp, such as a curved sidewalk, awkward door, angled patio step, etc.
If your ramp will butt up against a doorway, you will have to make sure the top of the ramp is designed with flattened side rails or an extended lip so that the door can still be opened with the ramp in place. If you have any questions about any possible obstructions that could jeopardize a properly operating ramp, please call us at 888-307-1839.
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Determining The Size of Your Wheelchair Ramp
Rise - This is another name for the Height of the step(s) of the threshold you'll be needing to pass over. When you know this information, considering the ADA recommendations, you'll be able to calculate the length of ramp you need so that the incline won't be too steep. As noted above, the current ADA guidelines are that for every 1" of rise, you should have 12" of ramp, however some situations require a more gradual incline, or a steeper one. Threshold ramps are going to be a good option, and a relatively smaller investment for the requirements you might find in your home that only call for a few inches to overcome. These will provide the appropriate incline for these common household requirements.
Wheelchair Ramp Length
If you're planning to add a wheelchair ramp to your entryway, you may be wondering how long it needs to be. It's not uncommon to think a shorter ramp is going to be the better option because it takes up less space and may cost less money. However, if you add a ramp that is too short for the rise of the entryway being traversed, it can be both hard to use AND a safety hazard.
The importance of determining the length of your ramp will become more so as the rise increases. As mentioned above, if you are looking to cover only a small threshold in your home, following the 2:12 slope ratio may be more appropriate considering the space that is allotted.
It's important to consider, too, how you will be using the ramp. Per the ADA guidelines:
- If you intend to just walk alongside or behind your mobility device, you are going to need about 1 foot of ramp for every 3 inches of rise. This translates into a 3:12 ramp slope which is steeper from the other requirements mentioned above because the way the ramp is going to be used is different. For example, if you have three steps that total a rise of 18 inches, ADA guidelines recommend an 18 foot long wheelchair ramp for you. However, if you are only using this ramp to walk your wheelchair up it, you will be able to install a six foot ramp instead.
- As noted before, if you intend to ride up and down the ramp, you are going to need roughly 1 foot of ramp for every inch of rise.
Wheelchair Ramp Width
Per ADA, the width of the ramp must be at least 36 inches to allow for adequate room. The width of your wheelchair ramp depends on the size of your wheelchair and the additional room you'll need to maneuver on the ramp -- along with your own personal comfort. Generally, a minimum width of 36 inches will suffice, but you may decide that a different width, such as 42 inches (a common size) is more comfortable for you. Be sure to consider all uses of the wheelchair ramp before purchasing and measuring the width of any scooters or wheelchairs you intend to use to make sure they will fit comfortably on a 36" width ramp.
If you are interested in Track Ramps, which accommodate just for the wheels of a wheelchair, measure the tire width as well. Also, please note that most manufacturers have a maximum allowable incline for their mobility devices.
Wheelchair Ramp Weight Capacity
When choosing your ramp, consider what you believe the expected total combined weight of the device, accessories, user, and caregiver (if applicable) will be. At Reliable Ramps, most dimensions and weight capacity can be found easily on the product listing. If you are having issues finding this information, though, please contact us at info@reliableramps.com or call us at 888-307-1839. That way, you will have a good idea of the weight capacity you will need.
Wheelchair Ramp Materials
Ramps are typically made from one of the following materials:
- Aluminum: Aluminum ramps are very popular and easy to install. Some will include fasteners to screw into the threshold for a more permanent fasten, while others can be leaned up onto the threshold and removed for a more portable solution. Aluminum ramps are relatively more affordable and quite durable.
- Rubber: Rubber ramps are common in the Threshold Ramp category. While they're durable, they won't handle the elements as well as an aluminum ramp, so you will find them more inside homes where they aren't as exposed. Many smaller threshold require a rubber ramp as it's a small, inexpensive quick fix with little setup. Larger Rubber Threshold Ramps are more expensive, but provide a solid ramp that is easy to setup and aesthetically better looking than many other ramps made of different materials.
- Steel: Steel ramps have a higher weight threshold than aluminum, but they're also prone to rust and can be difficult to install because they're heavier. These are one of the lesser common materials used in residential ramps.
- Wood: Wood ramps can be more visually appealing, but they also require some maintenance. There are a lot fewer options of wood ramps for these reasons.
- Concrete: Concrete ramps are more expensive, difficult to install and may require special permitting, which takes time, but they are also more durable. This is almost always a commercial option.
There are benefits and drawbacks to each material. Knowing your options can help you make the right choice for your home.
Wheelchair Ramp Portability
Whether you're traveling with your ramp -- either just down the street or miles away -- if you know you want to take your ramp with you then you need a Portable Solution. Ramps that fold in half or in quarters are a great answer, as they tend to be sized to fit into most vehicles, and they'll usually come with handles making transporting them much easier for you.
If you're looking for a more permanent solution, Modular Wheelchair Ramps will come in longer lengths and will be able to cover taller rises for you. They can usually be disassembled and moved if needed, but aren't designed to be a quick and easy ramp solution like some of the lighter models.
Additional Features to Consider When Purchasing a Wheelchair Ramp
As the wheelchair ramp gets larger and more complicated, typically in the Modular Ramp category, you are going to find that there will be more features and options to decide on when building your ramp. Handrails are a common option, which are nice if you don't always use a mobility device or want to accommodate others that need an extra hand. Based on your requirement and the ramp you're choosing, your best plan of action is going to be contacting a ramp specialist and determining if you need a customized width, a special landing for you ramp or even a customized turn of the ramp to accommodate an entrance that isn't a straight line!
For a completely modular or custom ramp solution, we recommend calling Reliable Ramps ramp specialists at 888-307-1839 and they will be happy to assist you.
Portable Single Fold Wheelchair Ramps
The Portable Single Fold Wheelchair Ramps are a relatively more affordable option and available In 2'-12' lengths. These ramps are sometimes referred to as Suitcase Ramps because they resemble the carrying of a suitcase when you have it folded up and are transporting it. This type of ramp is most commonly used for short inclines or loading an unoccupied power chair into the side of a Vehicle.
If there are a few steps leading into your home, the portable single fold wheelchair ramp can be a great option for your requirement. They're mostly designed and crafted with strong durable aluminum and a no-slip surface to reduce any risk when traversing the ramp.
Portable Multi Fold Wheelchair Ramps
The Portable Multi Fold Wheelchair Ramp is very similar to the single fold option referenced above, but a little more complicated considering the additional folds. They are typically available in sizes 5'-10' lengths, and there will be two folds to provide you a more compact option when transporting your ramp. These are also lightweight, compact and easy to set up.
The portable multi fold wheelchair ramps come in multiple varieties so you can find one that fits your style, budget and storage constraints. As mentioned above, all Portable Ramps are most commonly used for loading onto porches and steps, as well as into vans and other vehicles. Some portable ramps will come with an extended lip on the top of the ramp to accommodate a more complicated vehicle entry.
Portable Solid Wheelchair Ramps
The Portable Solid Wheelchair Ramps offer most of the same characteristics as the single multi fold ramps, but will present a little more of a challenge when trying to transport or store away, because the ramp does not fold for storage. The Solid Wheelchair Ramp is an easy setup, as you just lay it down on the threshold, and is a good option if you don't need to transport it frequently.
There is a wide variety of ramp lengths when it comes to the Solid Ramp category. They can be on the shorter side used as a Threshold Ramp at a 3 1/4" Length all the way to 10' Length intended to be more permanent solutions. The more permanent options, like the PVI OnTrac Access Ramp, aren't intended for being moved frequently and will come with handrails for you.
Lastly, the Solid Ramps will provide you with two different options for setup:
The First Option is a standalone option like the PVI Elev8 Threshold Ramp. This option stands alone with adjustable feet, and doesn't need to rely on leaning on the threshold. The benefit for this ramp is that it doesn't get in the way of a dual swinging door, and you can adjust the height in options like the Elev8 Ramp.
The Second Option, like many other ramps, will need to rely on leaning the ramp on top of the threshold. It's important to note which way your door swings, so it doesn't interfere with the ramp causing you issues.
Threshold Wheelchair Ramps
Threshold Ramps are smaller solution, and the perfect option for maneuvering manual wheelchairs, power wheelchairs and mobility scooters over short rises or through doorways around the home or office. Most of these ramps are constructed of high strength recycled rubber that are tested to last.
Typically, these ramps will be built to address threshold heights from 1/2" to 5". If you have a threshold height of 6", some manufacturers like PVI and National Ramp offer an adjustable aluminum threshold ramp that can be adjusted up to this 6" rise. These ramps have been thoroughly tested to withstand daily, repetitive use.
Portable Wheelchair Van Ramps
Portable Van Ramps are designed to assist you with loading a scooter or power chair into a full-size van, minivan, or SUV, and are available in multiple styles. The wheelchair van ramps can mount inside the rear of your vehicle. As referenced above, the portable folding ramps are available for rear and/or side door loading and are available with handles for portability.
If you have an uneven surface in your vehicle an you need a lip extension at the top of the ramp when leaning it against the vehicle, you can address this obstacle by investing in a portable ramp with an extended hook that allows the ramp to clear the bumper and rear door seal of your van or SUV for smooth and safe loading without damaging your vehicle.
As always, if you are unsure of the ramp you are purchasing and would like confirmation that it will suitable for use with your vehicle, please reach out to Reliable Ramps' product specialists at 888-307-1839.
Wheelchair Track Ramps
Wheelchair Track Ramps are designed for manual wheelchairs only. These are sets of two narrow ramps that are placed parallel to each other, similar to railroad tracks. They are much more compact and therefore easier to store than full-width wheelchair ramps.
Modular Wheelchair Ramps
Modular Ramps are designed to fit any home or business applications and meet ADA codes. These ramp systems can be custom-ordered in a variety of different configurations to ensure the ramp metes your exact needs. These ramps are not considered to be portable but can be disassembled and moved as needed.
For a completely modular or custom ramp solution, we recommend calling Reliable Ramps knowledgeable ramp specialists at 888-307-1839 and they will be happy to assist you.
Additional Questions to ask when Choosing a Wheelchair Ramp
Does Medicare cover Wheelchair Ramps?
Yes! Wheelchair ramps fall under the category of Medicare Part B, Durable Medical Equipment (DME), and are therefore covered under the DME provision of the policy. It's important to note, though, that the ramp must first be declared "medically necessary" by a licensed physician. Medicare policies are generally very strict regarding home modifications, so please consult your specific state's Department of Aging and Disability Services (DADS) for more information.
Does private insurance cover Wheelchair Ramps?
Insurance policies differ, but most private insurance companies will cover equipment that has been defined as DME. Requirements include the following:
- It is used to serve a medical purpose
- Is not useful in the absence of illness or injury
- Is ordered and prescribed by a physician
- Is appropriate for home use
Please note, this is not a comprehensive list of requirements, but merely a guideline. Please consult your specific insurance policy to determine if a wheelchair ramp would be covered under your policy.
Are portable wheelchair ramps safe?
Choosing a quality, well-made, wheelchair ramp that meets the intended user's needs for width, weight capacity, ramp angle, and handrails will ensure optimal safety. As mentioned above, even though ADA ramp guidelines are not a requirement for private use access ramps, Reliable Ramps recommends following those suggestions with any portable ramp to maximize safety and ease of use.
How much do wheelchair ramps cost?
Permanent, professionally-installed wheelchair ramps can typically cost anywhere between $100 and $250 per linear foot, with starting prices varying among manufacturers for permanent, semi-permanent, and modular ramp systems.
How much weight can a wheelchair ramp hold?
Although the larger and permanent wheelchair ramps tend to have higher weight capacities, many of the quality portable wheelchair ramps are built to withstand from 600-1,000 lbs., safely accommodating the individual in their wheelchair and someone else assisting them.
At Reliable Ramps, each listing will list the weight capacity for you to be sure exactly what to expect.
Choosing a wheelchair ramp, no matter your requirement, is an important decision, and you should have all of your questions answered before buying it. If you have ANY questions about your requirement that wasn't covered in this guide, please don't hesitate to reach out to Reliable Ramps' specialists at 888-307-1839, and they'll be happy to help! Or, you can visit our FAQ Page that will cover any additional questions you may have.
Need wheelchair revamp at back entry. There are two small steps and a high door step.
Need wheelchair ramp at back entry which consist of two steps and high entry.
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